EEEP
2020
The Fifth International Conference on Energy Engineering and Environmental Protection
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中文
Energy Session
Prof. Efstathios E. (Stathis) Michaelides
Department of Engineering, Texas Christian University, USA
https://cse.tcu.edu/engineering/faculty-staff/view/efstathios-michaelides
Speech Title:
Technical Problems and Resolutions for the Substitution of Fossil Fuels with Renewables
Abstract:
A common misconception with the substitution of fossil fuels with wind and solar energy for the production of electric power is that electric energy supplied from these renewable sources may be increased without limit. However, the production of electricity from
these widely available renewable sources is intermittent or periodically variable and, oftentimes, the supply does not satisfy the consumers’ demand. In addition, the installation of large numbers of solar and wind power units and the production of a higher fraction of the total annual energy from renewables in a region encounters a barrier during short periods, when the power produced by the renewable sources is high and exceeds the demand of the electricity grid. This causes a U-shaped demand curve (sometimes called the duck curve). Energy storage is necessary to satisfy the electricity demand at higher (above 25%) penetration of renewable wind and solar energy in a region.
This presentation examines the energy storage requirements for the substitution with renewable solar and wind energy of:
A coal power plant in the North-Central region of Texas.
The entire mix of fossil fuel powered plants in the ERCOT region.
The effect of nuclear power in the energy mix.
The thermodynamic analysis is based on hourly data for electricity demand and averaged hourly data of the availability of solar and wind energy. The calculations reveal the hourly, daily and seasonal electricity demand and supply as well as the energy storage requirements for the fossil-with-renewables-substitution process.
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Prof. Wenzhe Tang
Tsinghua University
http://www.civil.tsinghua.edu.cn/he/essay/340/643.html
Speech Title:
Sustainable Hydropower Development
Abstract:
To meet the increasing demand for renewable energy, and reduce climate change and acidification arising from using fossil fuels, hydropower fits for the implementation of long-term sustainable energy policy of China. A key unanswered question is how to align the multiple or conflicting objectives of hydropower development
from a holistic perspective. We presented solutions to sustainable hydropower development for China on three governance levels. At the national level, there is a need to measure and understand the cascade effects of dams at river basin scale for optimizing the reservoir operation and environmental protection. Governance improvements are required to revise the environment law, update migrants’ compensation standards, reform the price of hydro-electricity, and establish an interregional transfer payment system for balancing social and environmental losses of affected areas. At the project level, it is critical to support migrants’ sustainable development, preserve indigenous culture, optimize joint operation of cascade reservoirs, mitigate geological and weather-related hazards, and enhance riverine ecosystems’ resilience. At international level, China should establish partnering relationships with the neighboring countries to cooperatively manage the transboundary rivers associated with hydropower production, water sharing, environmental sustainability and climate change. China has a wealth of experience and technologies to contribute from its many previous hydropower projects.
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Prof. Alam Md. Mahbub
Harbin Institute of Technology
http://homepage.hit.edu.cn/pages/alam
Speech Title:
Theoretical and numerical analysis of the origin of thrust of pitching hydrofoil
Abstract:
Theoretical and numerical analysis of the origin of the thrust on a forced pitching hydrofoil is done in this work.
The non-dimensional frequency (Strouhal number, Std) and amplitude ratio (A*) of the hydrofoil pitching are varied as 0.21 ≤ Std ≤ 0.33 and 0.55 ≤ A* ≤ 0.8, respectively. While the numerical solution of the problem is obtained using unsteady Navier-Stokes equations, a theoretical model is developed to understand the origin of thrust produced by oscillating hydrofoil. Coefficients of thrust, power, and efficiency of the hydrofoil are calculated and presented on the Std – A* plane. The evolution of the flow structure around the pitching hydrofoil is clarified for the conditions corresponding to both drag and thrust generations. A flow model is hypothesized. A mathematical analysis of the flow model, involving Euler, Coriolis and centrifugal accelerations in a non-inertial frame, is developed to assimilate the physical insight into the thrust generation and power input. The analysis provides theoretical relationships of thrust, power, and efficiency as functions of Strouhal number and/or amplitude ratio. The data from the numerical simulation tangibly support the relationships. This subject would be handy for undergraduate and postgraduate studies.
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Prof. Bin Chen
Xi’an Jiaotong University
http://gr.xjtu.edu.cn/web/chenbin/1
Speech Title:
Roadmap to the hydrogen based sustainable energy system
Abstract:
Fossil energy utilization, particularly carbon-based fuel burning, has caused great environmental pollution. Building a sustainable energy system is one of the most critical issues to address. As an ideal energy carrier,
hydrogen has attracted the attention of government, industry and research institutions. Hydrogen production in large-scale and low-cost can solve the problems of sustainability and environmental emissions. It can be produced from water by using a variety of energy sources, such as solar, nuclear and fossils, and it can be converted into useful energy forms efficiently and without detrimental environmental effects. The only by-product is water or water vapor. Extensive investigations of hydrogen production were conducted in State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering. Focuses are mainly put on high-efficient, low-cost, and large-scale operable system. A brief introduction of possible hydrogen production methods and ways are presented including coal/bio-mass/organic wastes gasification in super-critical water and solar-driven photocatalytic water splitting. Coal gasification in supercritical water takes the advantages of the unique chemical and physical properties of supercritical water to convert organic matter in coal to H2 and CO2. N, S, P, Hg and other elements are deposited as inorganic salts to avoid pollution emission. This technology has a bright future in industrialization not only in electricity generation but also in hydrogen production and high value-added chemicals. As to the solar-driven water-splitting, the low efficiency is attributed to obstacles in energy flow and mass flow, as well as non-coupling and mismatching of energy flow and mass flow. In addition to the material optimization, the scientific and engineered design of sunlight collection, interfacial reaction, and mass transfer is of great significance. Based on these technologies, hydrogen based sustainable energy system can be achieved in the foreseeable future.
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Prof. Dongsheng Li
Shantou University
http://www.lidongsheng.net.cn/
Speech Title:
Structural Health Monitoring and Damage Identification of Floating Offshore Wind Turbines
Prof. Dezhi Ning
Dalian University of Technology, China
Speech Title:
Hydrodynamic Investigation on an Offshore Cylindrical Oscillating Water Column Wave Energy Converter
Abstract:
Among all the wave energy converters, the oscillating water column (OWC)-type wave energy converter (WEC) is the most attractive and extensive one due to its simple structure and reliable technology. However, most researches on OWC device are focused on the
bottom-standing ones constructed on the shoreline. The development of floating WEC devices has been in the urgent stage since the offshore wave energy exploitation attracted the world attention.
In the present study, the hydrodynamic performance of a floating OWC WEC was investigated experimentally and numerically. The physical experiment was carried out at a nonlinear wave flume at Dalian University of Technology. The floating cylindrical OWC device is constrained by the spring and only moves in the heave mode. A second-order time-domain higher-order boundary element method (HOBEM) based on the perturbation expansion technique is applied to simulate the nonlinear wave interaction with the floating OWC device. The nonlinear terms of pneumatic and viscous damping are introduced on the free surface boundary conditions inside the OWC chamber. The comparisons between experimental data and numerical results for the air pressure and surface elevation in the chamber, the hydrodynamic efficiency and the vertical displacement of the OWC device were performed. The effects of the opening ratio, wave steepness, mooring stiffness, chamber number and chamber draft on the hydrodynamic performance were investigated. It was found that the mooring stiffness has a great influence on the hydrodynamics, i.e., the hydrodynamic efficiency and the effective frequency bandwidth increasing with the mooring stiffness. Compare to the fixed OWC device, the hydrodynamic efficiency increases due to the vertical moment in the high frequency domain. The hydrodynamic efficiency of the dual-chamber OWC device increases by comparison with the single-chamber one. A coupled resonant effect between the inner- and outer chambers was observed for the dual-chamber OWC, which leads to the difference between the resonant frequencies and broadens the effective frequency bandwidth. For the proposed floating OWC device, a shorter chamber draft can lead to a wider effective frequency bandwidth, though the resonant efficiency and frequency decrease. The present HOBEM model can enable the structural design of the floating OWC device.
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Prof. Alexander Lukin
Principal Research Scientist & Executive Director
Western-Caucasus Research Center, Russian Federation
Speech Title:
New Insights in Control of Properties of the Hybridized Carbyne-Based Nanofilms Through Manipulating by Self-Organized Patterns Excitation at the Ion-Assisted Plasma-Driven Synthesis
Abstract:
Among all allotropic forms that the carbon element presents in nature, sp-hybridization is one of the most intriguing and elusive. Carbyne is the one-dimensional allotrope of carbon composed of sp-hybridized carbon atoms.
In presentation we report the laboratory ion-assisted plasma-driven synthesis and plasma functionalization toolkit of hybridized carbyne-based nanofilms with embedded atoms of various chemical elements. By insertion of the atoms of various chemical elements into the spatial structure of carbyne nanofilm, the hybridized nanostructures with unique electrophysical, optical, structural, topographic, biological and chemical characteristics can be synthesized. Carbyne is just one atom thick, having an extremely large surface area in relation to mass. This property is important in energy storage matrices like batteries and supercapacitors, where the surface area of the electrode determines energy density. Decorating a carbyne chain with calcium atoms, which suck up hydrogen molecules, creates a high-density, reversible hydrogen storage device. We will consider mechanisms of nano-structures self-organization and possibilities for manipulating by self-organized patterns excitation at the ion-assisted pulsed plasma synthesis of the hybridized carbine nanofilms and further their functionalization (plasma activation). Such a new nano-engineering strategy opens potential for improved advanced energy storage. Carbyne-based nanofilms are critical for sensing applications, as they have physical and electronic properties which facilitate the detection of substances in solutions, gaseous compounds and pollutants through their conductive properties and resonance-frequency transmission capacities. Carbyne may be stable at high temperatures (3000 K). Hybridized carbyne-based functional nanomaterials combined with nano-sensors could improve the performance of the plasma-based space propulsion systems for CubeSats and Small Satellites.
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Prof. Gangtao Liang
Dalian University of Technology, China
Speech Title:
Universal Predicting Methods for Boiling Critical Heat Flux and Heat Transfer on Micro-Pit Surfaces
Abstract:
Rapid developments of high-heat-flux devices in aerospace (e.g. spacecraft electronics) have incapacitated the conventional fan-cooled and various single-phase cooling techniques. Instead, two-phase cooling, i.e., boiling,
which utilizes liquid/vapor phase-change latent heat in combination with temperature-rise sensible heat, shows its great advantages in tackling these above-mentioned cooling concerns. Critical heat flux (CHF) is arguably the most important design and safety parameter for any heat-flux controlled boiling application. This keynote lecture will review different CHF models and associated mechanisms and parametric trends, as well as universal predicting methods for CHF. Also, pool boiling heat transfer enhancement on the micro-pit surfaces will be reported systematically. Microscale pits fabricated on plain surface are able to reduce boiling incipience superheat, and improve both nucleate boiling heat transfer coefficient and critical heat flux (CHF). Boiling enhancement magnitudes have a weak dependence on the micro-pit diameter, but increase monotonously with decreasing the pit depth. There exists an optimum pit-to-pit spacing for the maximum boiling enhancements, which is virtually identical to bubble departure diameter, and estimated using the capillary length. The major mechanism behind is that this spacing is favorable for alleviating hydrodynamic instabilities induced by the counterflow between liquid inflow and vapor outflow.
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Prof. Benedetto Nastasi
Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
https://www.linkedin.com/in/benedettonastasi/
Speech Title:
Hydrogen energy in Island and Off-grid Energy Systems
Abstract:
Islands and rural areas have been considered a challenge environment to test renewable energy integration strategies as well as cutting-edge technologies due to the alternation
between actual grid-connected and island mode. This is due to the weak connection to the mainland and, subsequently, the Power Grid as well as the strong changes in seasonal energy demand leading to congestion and stability issues. Hydrogen technologies could be the pathway to mitigate the afore-mentioned issues providing bidirectional energy exchange as in the case of reversible solid oxide cells or interacting with other sectors such as transport by fuelling fuel cell vehicles by means of H2 produced by electrolysers. The scale of renewables locally installed plays a key role and this is why the amount of surface dedicated to solar energy exploitation as well as the number of buildings involved in the design are crucial.
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Environment Session
Prof. Rajesh Kumar Jyothi
Convergence Research Center for Development of Mineral Resources (DMR)，Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources (KIGAM)
https://cst.lut.fi/member/professor/
Speech Title:
Clean Energy Applications: Recovery of Rare Earths from e-Waste
Abstract:
Rare earths are ruling the new millennium high world by their unique applications in the field of electronic materials manufacturing. Korean products exporting all over globe especially, mobile phones, computers, electrical goods such as air-conditioners, televisions etc.
Country like South Korea having very limited rare earths based natural resources as well as land filling problem arise based on generating the manufacturing waste. Rare earths are having wide applications in various area’s such as phosphors, permanent magnets, alloys, catalysts, nuclear reactor control rods, glass, dating materials, ceramics, catalysts and electronics. The major application was in magnets it occupies 26% worldwide, and then followed by metal alloys (19%), polishing (16.5%), catalysts (15%), glass/phosphors (6%) and ceramics/other (5.5%). For metal recovery the three primary routes were established: 1) pyro, 2) hydro 3) electro metallurgical routes. Hydrometallurgy deals the aqueous processing of the metals. It has many advantageous rather than one disadvantage much wastewater generation. And one more major objective for the rare earths processing is the energy crisis, as per world energy outlook survey by the year 2030 all over world number of people without access electricity was estimated and the figures and facts motivated the people work on rare earths processing.
Fig. 1 Electronic waste (e-waste) is the secondary resource for clean energy applications
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Prof. Chongchong Qi
School of Resources and Safety Engineering, Central South University, China
http://faculty.csu.edu.cn/qichongchong/zh_CN/index/94162/list/index.htm
Speech Title:
Innovative strategies for industrial solid waste recycling
Abstract:
Industrial operations inevitably produce a large amount of waste, especially solid waste. The disposal of industrial solid waste is possibly the most daunting challenge faced by the modern industry.
In this presentation, different recycling methods will be introduced. The presentation starts with the utilization of ultrasonic pre-treated coal fly ash for soil amelioration. Then, the manufacturing of geopolymer using refuse mudstone, GGBS, and red mud is presented. The utilization of various industrial solid waste as supplementary cementitious materials is explained and the recycling of industrial solid waste as backfill materials is introduced. With the application of above-mentioned methods, the solid waste minimization and cleaner production in the modern industry will be promoted.
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Prof. Hooi Hooi Lean
Economics Program, School of Social Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia
https://hooilean.wordpress.com/home/
Speech Title:
Non-linear effect of financial development and urbanization on carbon emissions
Abstract:
Several countries seek various measures to reduce carbon emissions because of the detrimental effects of carbon emissions on global warming, climate change and ecosystem. Therefore, an insight into the causes of carbon emissions is fundamental for policy formulation..
This paper examines the non-linear effects of financial development and urbanization on carbon emissions in 31 African countries for the 1990-2016 period. This study employs various techniques to examine the integration and cointegration properties as well as estimates the parameters of the variables. First, it reveals that an inverted U-shaped relationship exists between real GDP and carbon emissions in African countries, thereby supporting the EKC hypothesis. The implication of this finding is that African countries can reduce carbon emissions through the acceleration of real GDP. African countries may actually grow-out of environmental pollution. The results also show an inverted U-shaped relationship between financial development and carbon emissions, albeit the non-linear relationship between urbanization and carbon emissions is tenuous.
Keywords:
Carbon dioxide emissions; financial development; urbanization; energy consumption; EKC hypothesis
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Dr. G.Velvizhi
Associate Professor, CO2 Research and Green Technologies Centre, VIT Vellore
https://vit.ac.in/center/faculty/co2
Speech Title:
CO2 as a Potential Feed Stock for the Production of Value Added Products through Bioelectrochemical Systems
Abstract:
Global warming and depletion of fossil fuels are the burgeoning issues to be addressed immediately. Conversions of CO2 to energy and commercial viable products are an effective measure for global CO2 mitigation and it also reduces the use of petrochemical resources.
The microbial sequestering of CO2 through bioelectrochemical systems are effective methods to convert CO2 to multi carbon organic compounds through biologically driven electrode potential to stimulate the selected electro-active microbial communities to produce the organic molecules. The specialize microbes such as exoelectrogen, electricigen, electromethanogenesis, homoacetogenesis are enriched and used as effective biocatalyst. The enriched bacteria are capable to uptake mixture of gases and release electrons/protons as they are energy-rich electron carrier which can be utilized in co-fermentation with CO2 for the production of value added products. The CO2 reduction occurs through direct electron transfer or through the intermediate production of H2 which shuttles the electron transfer. Research in these areas alters the negative impact of CO2 as a potential feed stock for the production of commercial viable products like acetate, butyrate, ethanol, butanol, acetic acid, succinic acid, methane etc. The conversion rate depends upon several factors like enriched biocatalyst, electrode materials, reactor configuration, applied potential etc. This research has wider applications to use industrial gas, anaerobic gases and syngas as substrate to convert into commercial viable products through an integrated refinery concept.
Key Words:
Microbial catalysed electrochemical systems; CO2 reduction; Global warming; Value Added Products; CO2 mitigation
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Prof. Anhui Liang
Shandong University of Science and Technology
Speech Title:
Golden Ratios of Temperature, Color and Water and Superlattice Structures of Chloroplast Granums
Abstract:
Golden Ratios of Temperature, Color and Water and Superlattice Structures of Chloroplast Granums
(including human bodies, birds, dinosaurs, fishes, zygotes, sperms, chinese meridian, bacteria, virus, immunological cells etc.) coexists with environments (including sun light, air, water etc) harmonically. Our theory can also explain the migration of birds and fishes!
We first discovered there are color GRs in human vision. By our theory, we can explain why people feel comfortable when they see the blue sky and green trees.
We first discovered several GRs of water.
The chloroplast granum lamellae are with several nm of thickness and they are very closed to each other. We first proposed granum lamellae form superlattice/multiple quantum well structures which are also existed in outer segments of cones and rods of human eyes.
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Important Dates
Paper submission due
November 10, 2020
Conference date
November 17-19, 2020
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